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Comparative technoeconomic analysis of centralised and decentralised water source heat pump systems using CATHeaPS
Orestis Angelidis1, Anastasia Ioannou2, Daniel Friedrich3
1James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
Heliyon
|January 23, 2025
Summary
Centralised water source heat pumps (WSHP) offer economic advantages over individual systems for larger residential developments. The CATHeaPS tool helps determine optimal heat pump centralisation strategies for decarbonising the heat sector.
Area of Science:
- Energy Systems Engineering
- Sustainable Heating Technologies
- Techno-economic Analysis
Background:
- Decarbonising the heat sector is crucial for climate change mitigation.
- Water Source Heat Pumps (WSHP) present a viable alternative to fossil fuels using ambient water sources.
- The economic feasibility of WSHP centralisation versus decentralised options requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce CATHeaPS, an open-access tool for techno-economic assessment of heat pump systems.
- To compare centralised WSHP district heating networks against decentralised WSHP, Air Source Heat Pumps (ASHP), and Gas Boilers (GB).
- To identify economic break-even points for centralisation and provide decision-making guidance.
Main Methods:
- Development of the Centralisation Analysis Tool for Heat Pump Systems (CATHeaPS).
- Techno-economic modelling of centralised WSHP, decentralised WSHP, ASHP, and GB systems.
- Verification against published data and a UK industrial case study.
- Sensitivity analysis of input parameters on the levelised cost of energy.
Main Results:
- CATHeaPS provides a comprehensive project cashflow analysis for various heat supply options.
- Centralised WSHP solutions become more economical than decentralised options beyond specific residential property thresholds.
- Discount rate, CAPEX, and energy costs significantly impact the levelised cost of energy.
Conclusions:
- CATHeaPS is a user-friendly tool for high-level techno-economic assessment of heat pump projects.
- The study provides insights into optimal centralisation levels for WSHP in residential settings.
- Stakeholders can use the findings to make informed decisions on heat supply strategies for decarbonisation.
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