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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

High-throughput Parallel Sequencing to Measure Fitness of Leptospira interrogans Transposon Insertion Mutants During Golden Syrian Hamster Infection

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Published on: December 18, 2017

One Health Field Approach Applied to Leptospirosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Across Humans, Animals and

Andrea Antoniolli^1,2, Hélène Guis^1,3,4, Mathieu Picardeau⁵

¹Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

|January 23, 2025

Summary

One Health research on leptospirosis reveals links between human and animal infections, and environmental contamination. More robust studies are needed to understand zoonotic disease transmission dynamics.

Keywords:

leptospirosis one health systematic review and meta-analysis zoonosis

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Public Health
Environmental Science

Background:

Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease with complex transmission cycles involving humans, animals, and the environment.
A One Health approach is essential for understanding and controlling leptospirosis due to its interconnected transmission pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and analyze existing One Health research on leptospirosis.
To identify significant findings, methodological challenges, and transmission links across human, animal, and environmental compartments.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of studies published from 1918 to 2022, focusing on those with sampling in at least two compartments (human, animal, environment).
Searched major scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, ScienceDirect).
Assessed study quality using Joanna Briggs Institute tools and conducted meta-analysis and meta-regressions to identify compartment linkages.

Main Results:

Included 102 multicompartmental studies (1972-2022) out of 1082 leptospirosis studies.
Identified methodological weaknesses in study design and statistical analysis.
Found positive associations between human and animal seroprevalence (especially livestock/wild non-rodents) and a link between environmental positivity and domestic animal seroprevalence.

Conclusions:

A 50-year overview highlights critical gaps in One Health research for leptospirosis.
Emphasizes the need for more robust, well-supported One Health studies to clarify zoonotic transmission dynamics and risk factors.