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Long-term rice-crab coculturing leads to changes in soil microbial communities.
Liang Ma1, Tiexin Yang1, Liqiang Dong1
1Liaoning Rice Research Institute, Shenyang, China.
Frontiers in Microbiology
|January 23, 2025
Summary
Rice-crab coculture enhances soil microbial properties and carbon sequestration. Long-term cultivation significantly alters soil fungal communities and biodiversity, impacting soil carbon sequestration.
Area of Science:
- Agricultural Science
- Soil Science
- Microbiology
Background:
- Sustainable agriculture practices are crucial for maintaining soil health.
- Rice-crab coculture is an integrated farming system with potential ecological benefits.
- Understanding its impact on soil microbial communities is essential for optimizing its application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of rice-crab coculture mode and its duration on soil microbial community richness and diversity.
- To analyze changes in soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities under different cultivation systems.
- To identify key factors influencing soil biodiversity in coculture systems.
Main Methods:
- Soil samples were collected from long-term rice-crab coculture (MY), newly established rice-crab coculture (OY), and rice monoculture (N) systems.
- Soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities (e.g., CAT, PPO), and microbial communities (16S and ITS sequencing) were analyzed.
- Statistical analyses were performed to determine the significance of observed changes.
Main Results:
- Newly established rice-crab coculture (OY) showed significantly higher microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), and catalase (CAT) activity compared to rice monoculture (N).
- Long-term rice-crab coculture (MY) exhibited significantly greater organic matter (OM), soil carbon (SC), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) content than OY.
- Soil fungal communities, particularly genera Mortierella and Pseudeurotium, were significantly altered by coculture duration, with OM and dehydrogenase activity (DHA) identified as key drivers of soil biodiversity.
Conclusions:
- Rice-crab coculture, especially long-term application, significantly alters soil microbial community structure and function.
- The integrated system positively impacts soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities, contributing to enhanced soil carbon sequestration.
- This study highlights the importance of cultivation duration in shaping soil microbial biodiversity and ecosystem services within rice-crab coculture systems.
