Perceptions of Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Practice Among Primary Care Physicians in Japan: A Questionnaire Survey Analysis of Jichi Medical University Graduates

Background Primary care physicians (PCPs) are expected to engage in comprehensive medical care, including orthopedic and musculoskeletal problems. This study aimed to assess perceptions and current status regarding orthopedic and musculoskeletal practice among PCPs in Japan. Methodology A cross-sectional survey was conducted among PCPs who graduated from Jichi Medical University (JMU) with opportunities to treat orthopedic and musculoskeletal problems. A specific questionnaire was used to investigate perceptions of orthopedic and musculoskeletal practice. Participants were divided into groups based on their workplace (rural and remote areas/other areas) and length of career (<10 years and ≥10 years). The answers between these groups were statistically analyzed by using chi-square tests. Results Among 298 respondents, 121 (40.6%) were engaged in rural and remote areas and 69 (23.2%) had a career length of <10 years. Two hundred and eighty-one PCPs (94.3%) required orthopedic knowledge and procedural skills and mental burden was reported by 166 PCPs (55.7%). PCPs in rural and remote areas with careers <10 years in length required significantly more orthopedic knowledge and skills and were more willing to learn them. Also, they perceived a burden because of a lack of knowledge and procedural skills. Many PCPs could perform common procedures such as general care for trauma but were not confident in treating orthopedic-specific injuries such as fractures and dislocation. Conclusions PCPs in rural and remote areas with careers <10 years in length had the most varied problems in orthopedic and musculoskeletal practice. A new approach that can provide musculoskeletal and orthopedic knowledge and skills may be needed for PCPs.