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Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

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Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
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Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
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This lesson defines the leveling effect in acidic and basic solutions and its role in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions. It is essential to understand the competing nature of various species in a chemical system.
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Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
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A current produced due to the redox reactions of the analyte at the working and auxiliary electrodes is called a faradaic current. The reaction can be divided into two types. The current generated due to the reduction of the analyte is called cathodic current, and it carries a positive charge. In contrast, the current produced by analyte oxidation is known as an anodic current, and it has a negative charge. The applied potential at the working electrode determines the faradaic current flow, and...
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Deciphering and Countering Formic Acid Permeability in Zero-Gap Electrolyzers.

Ojong Tabot1, Kevinjeorjios Pellumbi2, Lucas Hoof2

  • 1Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Formic acid crossover in electrolyzers is a challenge for hydrogen storage. A new barrier layer significantly reduced formic acid flux by 46%, improving electrolyzer efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Formic acid (FA) is a promising molecule for chemical applications and as a liquid hydrogen carrier via CO2 electrolysis.
  • FA crossover through ion-exchange membranes is a major obstacle for scalable polymer-electrolyte zero-gap electrolyzers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanism of FA crossover in zero-gap electrolyzers.
  • To develop a scalable solution to mitigate FA crossover.

Main Methods:

  • Formic acid solution uptake measurements.
  • Gel-phase conductivity analysis.
  • Membrane permeability testing.

Main Results:

  • Developed an easily scalable barrier layer to reduce FA crossover.
  • Achieved a 46% decrease in FA flux (JFA) at 200 mA cm-2 compared to bare Nafion membranes.

Conclusions:

  • The developed barrier layer effectively suppresses FA crossover.
  • This advancement is crucial for the large-scale implementation of FA-based hydrogen storage technologies.