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Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus epidermidis prosthetic joint infections: bacterial adhesion and internalization in

Anne Lise Maucotel1,2,3, Deborah M Crepin2, Allison Faure2

  • 1Institute for Infectious Agents, Hpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.

Journal of Medical Microbiology
|January 23, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Staphylococcus epidermidis is often found in prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). This study found that S. epidermidis internalization into cells is limited, suggesting it

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Orthopedics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are often caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis.
  • The role of S. epidermidis internalization in PJI pathogenesis is debated.
  • Unlike Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis's ability to enter host cells is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of S. epidermidis internalization in the pathophysiology of PJIs.
  • To determine if S. epidermidis isolates can invade host cells relevant to joint infections.
  • To compare the internalization potential of S. epidermidis with S. aureus.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an in vitro model to study adhesion and internalization of S. epidermidis PJI isolates.
  • Assessed bacterial interaction with osteoblasts, synoviocytes, and endothelial cells.
  • Compared internalization levels of S. epidermidis isolates to the S. aureus SH1000 reference strain.

Main Results:

  • S. epidermidis isolates exhibited low internalization rates across osteoblasts, synoviocytes, and endothelial cells.
  • Bacterial adhesion levels for S. epidermidis were comparable to the S. aureus reference strain.
  • Internalization efficiency was dependent on the specific S. epidermidis strain and the cell type.

Conclusions:

  • S. epidermidis internalization into host cells is limited and strain/cell-type dependent.
  • The findings do not support bacterial internalization as a primary mechanism in S. epidermidis PJIs.
  • Further research may focus on alternative mechanisms of S. epidermidis persistence in PJIs.
Keywords:
Staphylococcus epidermidisendothelial cellsinternalizationosteoblastsprosthetic joint infectionssynoviocytes

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