Eosinophilic Myocarditis: A Concise Review

Eosinophilic myocarditis (EM) is a rare and heterogeneous form of inflammatory heart disease that can present with a wide range of severity. Current literature is limited to case reports or small case series that outline the evaluation process, disease course, and the nonstandardized treatments trialed. This review aims to concisely summarize the current literature on EM including an update on maintenance therapy for refractory or recurrent disease.

In the last several years, several observational studies have reported the clinical benefit of mepolizumab and benralizumab in refractory EM. EM is a complex and heterogenous cause of inflammatory heart disease with a wide range of etiologies and presentations. Treatment of this disease has not been standardized as there are no large scale trials quantifying benefit of any specific therapy regimen. Targeted biologics show promise in observational studies; therefore, prospective studies are needed to quantify this benefit in EM.