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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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The Bone Matrix01:18

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The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Updated: May 31, 2025

Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model
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Author Spotlight: An Economic and Efficient Method for Quantitative Evaluation of Bone Microarchitecture in a Murine Osteoporosis Model

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Gut Microbiota-Bone Axis.

Flavia Indrio1, Alessia Salatto2

  • 1Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy.

Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism
|January 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The gut microbiota significantly impacts bone health by producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that influence immune cells and hormone secretion, thereby regulating skeletal homeostasis.

Keywords:
Bone remodelingGut-bone axisImmune systemMicrobiotaPrebiotics

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiome research
  • Skeletal biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Growing interest in the gut microbiota's role in human health.
  • The gut microbiome influences numerous physiological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the gut microbiota's influence on bone metabolism and skeletal homeostasis.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which gut microbes affect bone formation and resorption.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of microbial metabolites, specifically short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
  • Investigation of immune cell modulation, including regulatory T-cells (Tregs).
  • Examination of hormonal pathways, such as Wnt signaling and serotonin.

Main Results:

  • SCFAs, particularly butyrate, promote Treg development and activate Wnt signaling, stimulating bone formation.
  • Gut microbiota influences skeletal homeostasis via host metabolism, immune responses, and hormone secretion.
  • Microbial regulation of serotonin and leptin levels affects bone homeostasis through the gut-brain axis.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining skeletal homeostasis.
  • SCFAs and hormonal pathways are key mediators of the gut-bone axis.
  • Targeting the gut microbiota offers potential therapeutic strategies for bone-related disorders.