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The longitudinal association between multiple cardiometabolic diseases, socioeconomic status, and depressive symptoms

Dan Guo1,2,3, Yanshang Wang2,3, Yanan Zhao4

  • 1Department of Scientific Research and Teaching, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, Beijing, 100074, China.

Scientific Reports
|January 23, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) increase the risk of developing depressive symptoms. This association is particularly strong in older adults with lower socioeconomic status (SES), highlighting the need for integrated mental health monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) represent a significant global health burden.
  • Depressive symptoms pose a major challenge to individual well-being and public health.
  • The interplay between CMDs, socioeconomic status (SES), and mental health requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between CMDs and the incidence of depressive symptoms.
  • To determine if SES moderates the relationship between CMDs and depressive symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 6,455 participants free of depressive symptoms in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).
  • Assessed CMDs and SES via self-report.
  • Employed Cox proportional hazards regression and stratified analyses to examine associations and moderation effects.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with CMDs showed a significantly higher risk of developing depressive symptoms (HR=1.10).
  • Both single CMDs and cardiometabolic multimorbidity were associated with increased depressive symptom risk.
  • The effect of CMDs on depressive symptoms was pronounced in older adults (≥60 years) with lower education, income, and rural residency.

Conclusions:

  • CMDs are an independent risk factor for the development of depressive symptoms.
  • Lower SES exacerbates the risk of depression in individuals with CMDs.
  • Routine screening for depressive symptoms is crucial for patients with CMDs, especially those with low SES.

Keywords:
Cardiometabolic diseasesCardiometabolic multimorbidityDepressive symptomsMiddle-aged and older adultsSocioeconomic status

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