Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...

Bewley Lattice Diagram

Bewley Lattice Diagram

The Bewley lattice diagram, developed by L. V. Bewley, effectively organizes the reflections occurring during transmission-line transients. It visually represents how voltage waves propagate and reflect within a transmission line, making it easier to understand the complex interactions that occur.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Networks of respiratory-muscular coupling in exercise and fatigue in young adults.

Physiological reports·2026

Same author

The vertical symphony: how pitch perception shapes spatial and affective mapping across different countries.

Cognitive processing·2026

Same author

Multimodal Detection of Pain and Anticipation Anxiety from Ultra-Short Duration Wearable Sensors Measurements.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Technical note: a functional data analysis approach to analyze the light-adapted electroretinogram in children and adolescents.

Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology·2026

Same author

Electroretinographic evaluation of single vision contact lenses with non-refractive opaque features.

Clinical & experimental optometry·2026

Same author

ERG-Graph: Graph Signal Processing of the Electroretinogram for Classification of Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same journal

Feasibility of delivering a digital multiple health behaviour intervention via a home-telemonitoring system: engagement, outcomes, and user experiences.

BMC research notes·2026

Same journal

From manual entry to machine precision: challenges and evolution of metadata schema development in collaborative research centers.

BMC research notes·2026

Same journal

Sleep deprivation impairs gastric ulcer healing and induces anxiety-like behavior in rats.

BMC research notes·2026

Same journal

Caring across cultures: a qualitative exploration of Macedonian carers supporting community-dwelling older adults in a large regional city in Australia.

BMC research notes·2026

Same journal

Prevalence and determinants of dyslipidemia among residents of Kurdistan Region of Iraq; a community-based study.

BMC research notes·2026

Same journal

Modulation of brain-kidney crosstalk by olanzapine in aluminum chloride-induced memory impairment: a preclinical investigation.

BMC research notes·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 21, 2026

Using the Electroretinogram to Assess Function in the Rodent Retina and the Protective Effects of Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning

Using the Electroretinogram to Assess Function in the Rodent Retina and the Protective Effects of Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning

Published on: June 9, 2015

Remodeling the light-adapted electroretinogram using a bayesian statistical approach.

Marek Brabec^1,2, Fernando Marmolejo-Ramos³, Lynne Loh⁴

¹Institute of Computer Science, Czech Academy of Sciences, Pod Vodarenskou Vezi 2, Prague 8, 182 00, Czech Republic.

BMC Research Notes

|January 24, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Electroretinogram (ERG) waveform analysis using covariance matrices revealed distinct patterns in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). These findings suggest ERG complexity may serve as a potential biomarker for ADHD.

Keywords:

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Neurodevelopment Retina Time-domain ERG trajectory

More Related Videos

Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats

Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats

Published on: July 1, 2016

Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats

Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats

Published on: June 29, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 21, 2026

Using the Electroretinogram to Assess Function in the Rodent Retina and the Protective Effects of Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning

Using the Electroretinogram to Assess Function in the Rodent Retina and the Protective Effects of Remote Limb Ischemic Preconditioning

Published on: June 9, 2015

Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats

Simultaneous Recording of Electroretinography and Visual Evoked Potentials in Anesthetized Rats

Published on: July 1, 2016

Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats

Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats

Published on: June 29, 2016

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Neuroscience
Biomarkers

Background:

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
The electroretinogram (ERG) measures retinal electrical activity.
Identifying objective biomarkers for ADHD is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential of electroretinogram (ERG) waveform remodeling using covariance matrices as a biomarker for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
To identify distinct electroretinogram patterns between children with ADHD and neurotypical controls.

Main Methods:

Electroretinograms were recorded from 25 children with ADHD and 38 neurotypical controls.
Waveforms were analyzed using Bayesian regularization of covariance matrices across 100 time intervals.
Eigenvalues of the covariance matrices were ranked to assess waveform complexity.

Main Results:

Correlation matrices showed reduced waveform correlation in the ADHD group after 70 msec.
Eigenvalue plots indicated greater complexity in ERG waveforms of the ADHD group compared to controls.
These differences highlight potential unique electroretinogram features in ADHD.

Conclusions:

Covariance matrix analysis of ERG waveforms can differentiate between ADHD and control groups.
Increased waveform complexity in the ADHD group suggests potential as an objective biomarker.
Further research into ERG waveform structure may yield valuable clinical insights for ADHD.