Microbial lysates as low-cost serum replacements in cellular agriculture media formulation

Cultivated meat, the process of generating meat in vitro without sacrificing animals, is a promising alternative to the traditional practice of livestock agriculture. However, the success of this field depends on finding sustainable and economical replacements for animal-derived and expensive fetal bovine serum (FBS) that is typically used in cell culture processes. Here, we outline an effective screening process to vet the suitability of microbial lysates to support the growth of immortalized bovine satellite cells (iBSCs) and mackerel (Mack1) cells. We show that easily producible, low-cost whole-cell lysates from Vibrio natriegens can be used to create serum-free media for the long-term growth of iBSCs. The optimized medium, named "VN40" (basal B8 media containing Vibrio natriegens lysate proteins at 40 µg/mL), outperforms previously established serum-free media while maintaining cell phenotype and myogenicity. Overall, this study shows a novel approach to producing serum-free media for cultivated meat production using microbially-derived lysates.