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Related Concept Videos

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
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iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
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Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Kinetic Measurement and Real Time Visualization of Somatic Reprogramming
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Human iPSC Reprogramming Success: The Impact of Approaches and Source Materials.

Tatyana Pozner1, Christine Grandizio1, Matthew W Mitchell1

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Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are vital for research. The Sendai virus method shows higher success rates for hiPSC reprogramming compared to episomal methods, improving biobanking reliability.

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Area of Science:

  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biobanking

Background:

  • Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are crucial for disease modeling, drug screening, and regenerative therapies.
  • The shift to non-integrating reprogramming methods enhances hiPSC safety and reliability by minimizing genomic alterations.
  • Understanding factors influencing hiPSC reprogramming success is essential for advancing biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comparatively analyze prevalent non-integrating reprogramming methods for human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs).
  • To assess the impact of different starting source materials on hiPSC reprogramming efficiency.
  • To determine the relative reprogramming success rates of Sendai virus versus episomal methods.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of leading non-integrating reprogramming techniques.
  • Utilized diverse starting source materials for reprogramming experiments.
  • Quantified reprogramming success rates for each method and source material combination.

Main Results:

  • Source material did not significantly affect hiPSC reprogramming success rates.
  • The Sendai virus reprogramming method demonstrated significantly higher success rates compared to the episomal reprogramming method.
  • Identified Sendai virus as a more efficient non-integrating reprogramming strategy.

Conclusions:

  • The Sendai virus method offers superior reprogramming efficiency for hiPSCs over episomal methods.
  • Reprogramming success is largely independent of the starting source material.
  • Findings are critical for enhancing the long-term reliability, integrity, and reproducibility of hiPSCs in biobanking.