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High-throughput Fluorometric Measurement of Potential Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activities
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Environmental tipping points for global soil nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.

Yueqi Hao1,2, Hao Liu2, Jiawei Li2

  • 1Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Safe-product, Institute of Agro-environmental Protection, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.

Iscience
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Summary

Global nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (NFMs) are significantly influenced by soil pH, organic carbon, and precipitation. Identifying critical tipping points for these factors is crucial for understanding NFM distribution and future changes.

Keywords:
BiogeochemistryBiogeoscienceGlobal Nutrient CycleGlobal changeMicrobiology

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Microbiology
  • Computational Ecology

Background:

  • Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (NFMs) play a vital role in soil nitrogen cycling and ecosystem health.
  • NFMs are sensitive to various environmental factors, making their distribution complex and globally variable.
  • Understanding these influences is critical for predicting soil health and agricultural productivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze global nitrogen-fixing microorganism (NFM) data using advanced computational methods.
  • To identify key environmental factors influencing NFM distribution and their critical tipping points.
  • To project potential changes in NFM abundance under future climate scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of a random forest model optimized by the distributed delayed particle swarm optimization (RODDPSO) algorithm.
  • Analysis of global NFM data, considering soil pH, organic carbon (OC), mean annual precipitation (MAP), altitude, and total phosphorus (TP).
  • Identification of critical tipping points for influential environmental factors and future NFM distribution modeling under SSP 8.5.

Main Results:

  • Soil pH, organic carbon (OC), and mean annual precipitation (MAP) were identified as the top three global factors influencing NFMs, with contributions exceeding 10%.
  • Critical tipping points were determined for pH (7.84) and OC (2.71%). MAP's contribution peaked at 1,265.65 mm.
  • Under SSP 8.5, projections indicate a 12% increase in NFMs in Africa, while North America and Oceania may experience decreases of 16% and 36%, respectively, by 2100.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a comprehensive global map of NFMs and identifies crucial environmental tipping points.
  • Soil pH, OC, and MAP are dominant drivers of global NFM distribution.
  • Future climate change scenarios predict significant regional shifts in NFM populations, highlighting the need for adaptive management strategies.