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Nitric oxide in exercise physiology: past and present perspectives.
Breanna J Mueller1, Michael D Roberts1, Christopher B Mobley1
1School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
Frontiers in Physiology
|January 24, 2025
Summary
Nitric oxide (NO) impacts skeletal muscle function and exercise performance. Nitrate supplementation may enhance endurance and resistance exercise, but more research is needed on factors like training status and age.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Exercise Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule affecting physiological processes.
- NO influences skeletal muscle function, mitochondrial adaptation, and redox balance.
- Nitrate supplementation increases NO bioavailability in skeletal muscle.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of NO in skeletal muscle function and mitochondrial adaptation.
- To examine the effects of nitrate supplementation on endurance and resistance exercise performance.
- To identify areas for future research regarding NO and exercise.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on nitric oxide and nitrate supplementation.
- Analysis of NO's impact on muscle fiber contraction, mitochondrial respiration, and redox state.
- Synthesis of findings on nitrate's effects on endurance and resistance exercise outcomes.
Main Results:
- NO may enhance maximal muscle fiber velocity and peak power, but its effect on submaximal contractions is unclear.
- NO might stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and influence respiratory efficiency.
- Nitrate supplementation shows potential to extend time to exhaustion in endurance exercise and improve repetitions in resistance exercise, though results are not definitive.
Conclusions:
- Nitric oxide plays a multifaceted role in skeletal muscle physiology and exercise.
- Nitrate supplementation is a promising ergogenic aid, but its efficacy requires further investigation.
- Future research should explore variables such as training status, age, sex, and supplementation duration to optimize understanding.
Keywords:
exercise performancemitochondrianitrate supplementationnitric oxideredox stateskeletal musclevasodilationMore Related Videos
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