Fruit Acid Inhibits UV-Induced Skin Aging via PI3K/Akt and NF-κB Pathway Inhibition

Ben Wang1, Jie Dong1, Fang Liu1

  • 1Dermatology Department, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, 100020 Beijing, China.

Discovery Medicine
|January 24, 2025
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Fruit acids effectively combat skin photoaging by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. This study shows they promote collagen recovery and inhibit key signaling pathways involved in UV damage.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a primary cause of skin photoaging, a complex biological process.
  • Fruit acids have emerged as potential therapeutic agents for mitigating photoaging effects.
  • Understanding the precise mechanisms of fruit acids in skin protection is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the protective mechanisms of fruit acids against UV-induced skin photoaging.
  • To evaluate the impact of fruit acids on skin morphology, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
  • To explore the role of PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways in fruit acid-mediated skin repair.

Main Methods:

  • UV irradiation was used to induce photoaging in a rat model.
  • Glycolic acid treatment was administered to assess reparative effects on skin structure via HE staining.
  • Oxidative stress markers (SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, CAT) and inflammatory factors (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ) were measured using ELISA.
  • Collagen expression and signaling pathway proteins (PI3K/Akt, NF-κB) were analyzed by Western blot.

Main Results:

  • Fruit acid treatment improved skin morphology, increasing dermal thickness and reducing epidermal keratinization.
  • Significant increases in antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px) and collagen types I, III, VII, and elastin were observed.
  • Levels of oxidative stress marker MDA and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α) were significantly reduced.
  • UV-induced phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, and NF-κB (p65) was inhibited by fruit acid treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Fruit acids effectively mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation in UV-induced skin photoaging.
  • These compounds promote collagen restoration and improve overall skin health.
  • Inhibition of PI3K/Akt and NF-κB signaling pathways is a key mechanism underlying the anti-photoaging effects of fruit acids.

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