Middle ear surgery in fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone

Fibrous dysplasia of the temporal bone is uncommon. When it does occur, surgery may be necessary because of cholesteatoma or chronic infection behind bony obstruction of the external auditory canal. Cosmetic surgery may also be performed because of bony deformity. When a surgical procedure is undertaken for hearing improvement, special problems may be encountered. The case presented illustrates middle ear pathologic changes found with fibrous dysplasia and specific surgical difficulties.