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Related Concept Videos

Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

156
The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...
156

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Updated: May 31, 2025

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Walking and Hippocampal Formation Volume Changes: A Systematic Review.

Mohamed Hesham Khalil1

  • 1Department of Architecture, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PX, UK.

Brain Sciences
|January 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Walking positively impacts hippocampal volume, crucial for lifelong brain health and preventing cognitive decline. Different walking intensities and environments promote specific hippocampal subfield changes.

Keywords:
green spacehippocampal volumehippocampusnavigational trainingparahippocampal gyrusphysical activityplasticitystep countsubiculumwalking

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Science

Background:

  • Hippocampal atrophy is a concern during aging.
  • Exercise promotes hippocampal plasticity.
  • The hippocampus interacts with the physical environment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of walking on hippocampal volume.
  • To understand walking's role in lifelong brain and cognitive health.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
  • Included human studies up to November 2022.
  • Assessed study quality using PEDro and ROBINS-I.
  • Narrative synthesis of walking factors and hippocampal volume.

Main Results:

  • Walking generally benefits hippocampal volumes.
  • Higher intensity and amount of walking increased total hippocampal volume.
  • Subiculum volume increased with low-intensity walking and nature exposure.
  • Parahippocampal gyrus volume increased with vigorous intensity walking.
  • Right hippocampus volume increased with spatial navigation during walking.

Conclusions:

  • Walking induces adaptive hippocampal volume changes.
  • Promoting walking enhances brain health and prevents cognitive decline.
  • Environmental design should consider walkability and cognitive stimulation.
  • Future research should focus on subregional hippocampal changes.