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Related Concept Videos

Spermatogenesis01:41

Spermatogenesis

Spermatogenesis is the process by which haploid sperm cells are produced in the male testes. It starts with stem cells located close to the outer rim of seminiferous tubules. These spermatogonial stem cells divide asymmetrically to give rise to additional stem cells (meaning that these structures “self-renew”), as well as sperm progenitors, called spermatocytes. Importantly, this method of asymmetric mitotic division maintains a population of spermatogonial stem cells in the male reproductive...
Accessory Ducts of the Male Reproductive System01:25

Accessory Ducts of the Male Reproductive System

The male reproductive system is a complex network of organs and tissues that work together to produce and transport sperm. The epididymis, vasa deferens, ejaculatory ducts, and urethra are the accessory ducts involved in sperm maturation and transportation. These ducts play a critical role in the production and transportation of sperm from the testes to the urethra, where it is then released during ejaculation.
The epididymis is a small, comma-shaped organ located at the back of each testicle.
Accessory Glands of the Male Reproductive System01:16

Accessory Glands of the Male Reproductive System

The accessory ducts involved in sperm maturation and transportation include the epididymides, vasa deferentia, ejaculatory ducts, and urethra. These ducts play a critical role in the maturation, storage, and transportation of sperm from the testes to the urethra, where it is then released during ejaculation.
The epididymis is a small, comma-shaped organ located at the back of each testicle. The epididymis can be divided into three main parts: the head, body, and tail. The head of the epididymis...
Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry01:19

Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry

Uroflowmetry is a non-invasive urodynamic test designed to measure various aspects of urination, including volume, flow rate, and the time to void. This test is crucial for diagnosing and assessing conditions such as bladder outlet obstruction, bladder dysfunction, incomplete bladder emptying, incontinence, and urinary tract blockages caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and urethral strictures.Pre-Test Instructions:Before a uroflowmetry test, patients are typically advised to drink...
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Microbiota of the Urogenital Tract

The human urogenital system, once thought to be sterile in healthy individuals, is now recognized as a complex microbial habitat. Advancements in molecular sequencing techniques have revealed that even in healthy adults, the kidneys and bladder harbor microbial populations similar to those found in the distal urethra, albeit in much lower abundance. These resident microorganisms, while generally innocuous, can become opportunistic pathogens under conditions that alter the urogenital...

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Posterior Urethral Valves and Fertility: Insight on Paternity Rates and Seminal Parameters.

Marcello Della Corte1,2, Simona Gerocarni Nappo2, Antonio Aversa3

  • 1Division of Urology, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy.

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|January 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Posterior urethral valves (PUVs) can impact male fertility and semen quality, affecting fatherhood. Early intervention and long-term follow-up are crucial for managing these fertility issues in PUV patients.

Keywords:
fertilitylower urinary tract obstructionmegacystispaternityposterior urethral valvesprenatal hydronephrosisrenal dysplasiaretrograde ejaculationupper urinary tract dilationurethral obstruction

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Pediatric Surgery

Background:

  • Posterior urethral valves (PUVs) are the primary cause of congenital lower urinary tract obstruction in males.
  • PUVs can lead to renal dysplasia and chronic renal failure, and may impact sexual function and fertility.
  • Early prenatal diagnosis has improved outcomes, but fertility concerns persist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing evidence on fertility and paternity rates in patients with posterior urethral valves.
  • To examine semen parameters in individuals diagnosed with PUVs.
  • To highlight the need for further research into fertility preservation for PUV patients.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Embase databases.
  • Studies focusing on fertility outcomes, paternity, and semen parameters in PUV patients were selected.
  • Included study types encompassed case reports, case series, and retrospective/prospective studies.

Main Results:

  • PUV patients frequently present with compromised semen parameters, including reduced sperm count, motility, and abnormal morphology.
  • PUVs are diagnosed in adults with infertility and ejaculation disorders, indicating they are not exclusively a pediatric concern.
  • Paternity rates and comprehensive semen analyses were infrequently reported, limiting assessment of fertility impact.

Conclusions:

  • Fertility and semen quality in PUV patients remain under-investigated areas.
  • PUVs can affect fatherhood and are associated with diminished semen quality.
  • Early intervention and long-term follow-up are essential for addressing fertility concerns in PUV patients.