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Updated: May 31, 2025

Assessing the Multiple Dimensions of Engagement to Characterize Learning: A Neurophysiological Perspective
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Exploring Students Online Learning Behavioral Engagement in University: Factors, Academic Performance and Their

Yonghong Wang1, Mingzhang Zuo1, Xiangchun He2

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College students' online learning engagement is key to academic success. Frequent access to online resources strongly predicts better academic performance and long-term learning outcomes.

Keywords:
Delphi methodacademic performanceanalytic hierarchy processevaluation indicatorsonline learning behavioral engagement

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Area of Science:

  • Educational Technology
  • Higher Education Studies
  • Learning Analytics

Background:

  • Online learning platforms are increasingly vital for college students.
  • Evaluating online learning engagement is crucial for improving educational quality.
  • Understanding factors influencing student engagement is essential for effective online pedagogy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key factors influencing college students' behavioral engagement in online learning.
  • To develop and validate an assessment framework for online learning engagement.
  • To explore the relationship between online learning behaviors and academic achievement.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and Delphi expert consultation to develop an assessment framework.
  • Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine factor weights.
  • Data analysis of 63 students on the "Ketangpai" platform to explore correlations and predictive relationships.

Main Results:

  • A five-dimensional assessment framework (participation, concentration, interaction, challenge, self-monitoring) with sixteen indicators was established.
  • A strong correlation was found between the frequency of accessing online learning resources and long-term academic performance.
  • A predictive model for academic achievement based on online learning behaviors was developed.

Conclusions:

  • The developed framework provides theoretical and methodological insights for designing and evaluating online learning.
  • Findings support interventions to improve college students' online learning processes and outcomes.
  • Understanding engagement factors enables personalized teaching strategies to enhance online education effectiveness and student experience.