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Soft Wireless Passive Chipless Sensors for Biological Applications: A Review.

Mingguang Zhang1, Mengyun Li1, Wei Xu1

  • 1School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China.

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Soft wireless passive sensors offer power-free, remote biological health monitoring. This review classifies and explains LC-resonant, radio frequency (RF), and surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors for various applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Sensor Technology
  • Wireless Communication

Background:

  • Soft wireless passive sensors are advantageous for biological and engineering applications due to their lack of external power requirements and capability for remote data transmission.
  • These sensors acquire external information through electromagnetic induction using external coils.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biological applications of soft wireless passive chipless sensors.
  • To classify wireless passive sensors and explain their core functionalities.
  • To provide an overview of the main advancements in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of soft wireless sensors into three main types: LC-resonant, radio frequency (RF), and surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors.
  • Explanation of the working principles, equivalent circuits, and biological applications for each sensor type.
  • Discussion of the underlying physics, including electromagnetic induction and piezoelectric principles.

Main Results:

  • LC-resonant sensors measure physical quantities by correlating frequency resonance with the monitored object.
  • RF sensors utilize electromagnetic fields for wireless measurement and data exchange of physical parameters.
  • SAW sensors employ piezoelectric substrates and guided waves for physical parameter monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Soft wireless passive sensors are designed for unobtrusive biological health monitoring.
  • They eliminate the need for external power supplies and wired communication, enhancing user convenience.
  • These sensors represent a significant advancement in remote and non-invasive health diagnostics.