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Harnessing Genetic Resistance in Maize and Integrated Rust Management Strategies to Combat Southern Corn Rust.

Jiaying Chang¹, Shizhi Wei², Yueyang Liu²

¹Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China, IPM Innovation Center of Hebei Province, International Science and Technology Joint Research Center on IPM of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, China.

Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 24, 2025

Summary

Southern corn rust (SCR), caused by the fungus *Puccinia polysora*, significantly damages maize crops globally. Understanding its molecular interactions and developing resistant cultivars are key to effective management and preventing yield loss.

Keywords:

Puccinia polysora maize molecular interactions resistance genes southern corn rust

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Area of Science:

Plant Pathology
Mycology
Agricultural Science

Background:

Southern corn rust (SCR), caused by *Puccinia polysora*, is prevalent in major maize-producing regions.
This obligate biotrophic pathogen poses significant threats due to its extensive distribution and damaging effects on maize.
Favorable conditions for SCR include high temperatures and humidity, leading to severe crop damage.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive overview of Southern corn rust.
To detail the biological characteristics, symptoms, and life cycle of *Puccinia polysora*.
To explore the molecular interactions between maize and *P. polysora*, resistance mechanisms, and management strategies.

Main Methods:

Literature review synthesizing current knowledge on SCR.
Analysis of the biological characteristics and life cycle of *Puccinia polysora*.
Examination of molecular interactions, genetic resistance in maize, and disease management strategies.

Main Results:

SCR causes significant yield loss through inhibited photosynthesis, early desiccation, and reduced kernel weight.
Progress has been made in understanding pathogenicity, identifying resistance genes, and developing resistant maize cultivars.
Accurate and rapid SCR detection is crucial for effective disease management.

Conclusions:

A deeper understanding of maize-*P. polysora* interactions is vital for developing novel control strategies.
Continued research into genetic resistance and molecular mechanisms will enhance SCR management.
Integrated approaches combining resistant cultivars and timely detection are essential for mitigating SCR impact.