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Related Concept Videos

Potentiometer01:30

Potentiometer

528
Voltage and current measurements using a standard voltmeter and ammeter alter the circuit being measured either by drawing or resisting the current flow, which introduces uncertainties in the measurements. Null measurements balance the voltages so that no current flows through the measuring device and, therefore, no alterations occur in the measured circuit.
Suppose the emf of a battery needs to be measured. If the battery is directly connected to a standard voltmeter, the measured quantity is...
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Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods01:17

Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods

127
Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
The chosen potential...
127
Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes01:19

Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes

511
Reference electrodes serve as a stable reference point for potentiometric measurements, while indicator and working electrodes react to variations in the composition of a solution.
The Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is a widely used reference electrode that maintains zero potential across all temperatures. However, its need for a continuous hydrogen gas supply renders it impractical for everyday use.
An alternative to SHE is the Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE). This electrode features an...
511
Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

444
Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
444
Electrodes: Overview01:17

Electrodes: Overview

1.1K
 Electrochemical measurements are conducted in an electrochemical cell composed of various components that control and measure the current and potential. One fundamental component is electrodes, conductive materials that enable electron transfer reactions at their surfaces.
There are two main types of electrodes in electrochemical cells. The first type, known as the working or indicator electrode, has a potential that is sensitive to the analyte's concentration and reacts to changes in...
1.1K
Potentiometry: Overview01:06

Potentiometry: Overview

1.4K
Potentiometry is an analytical technique that measures the potential difference between two electrodes in an electrochemical cell without drawing any significant current that could alter the solution's composition. This method employs an indicator electrode, which exchanges electrons with the analyte solution, and a reference electrode with a constant potential. Each electrode is immersed in a solution comprised of two half-cells. In a conventional setup, the reference electrode serves as...
1.4K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2025

A Simple Approach to Perform TEER Measurements Using a Self-Made Volt-Amperemeter with Programmable Output Frequency
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Innovative Method for Reliable Measurement of PEM Water Electrolyzer Component Resistances.

Nikolai Utsch1,2, Florian Berg1, Fabian Scheepers1

  • 1Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Institute of Energy Technologies, IET-4, Electrochemical Process Engineering, 52425, Juelich, Germany.

Small Methods
|January 24, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a new PCB-based probe for measuring porous electrode sheet resistance in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyzers. The method offers reliable, localized resistance mapping crucial for advancing electrolyzer technology.

Keywords:
catalyst layersimage processingin‐plane electrical resistivitiespolymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyzersporous electrodesprinted circuit boards (PCBs)sheet resistances

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry and Materials Science
  • Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies

Background:

  • Accurate sheet resistance measurement of porous electrodes is critical for enhancing polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyzer performance.
  • Existing measurement techniques often lack reliability and comprehensiveness for complex porous materials with variable thickness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel, robust, and straightforward method for determining the sheet resistance of porous electrodes.
  • To enable local mapping of resistance in key PEM water electrolyzer components.
  • To facilitate detailed analysis of electrical resistivity considering thickness variations.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel probe concept utilizing industrial printed circuit board (PCB) technology for resistance measurement.
  • Resistance measurement across ten distances (250 µm to 2500 µm) for localized mapping.
  • Application of an image-processing-based method to determine catalyst layer thickness distribution.

Main Results:

  • Successful implementation of a PCB-based probe for reliable sheet resistance determination in porous electrodes.
  • Demonstration of local resistance mapping capabilities across various electrode components (GDL, PTL, catalyst layers).
  • Correlation of electrical in-plane resistivity with catalyst layer thickness variations.

Conclusions:

  • The developed methodology provides a significant advancement in characterizing porous electrodes for PEM water electrolyzers.
  • This approach can expedite material integration and bridge the gap between electrode engineering and single-cell testing.
  • The findings contribute to the overall development and optimization of PEM water electrolyzer technologies.