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This study introduces a Three-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (3DCNN) for precise soil hydrocarbon pollution prediction. The advanced 3DCNN model significantly outperforms traditional methods, offering a sustainable tool for soil management and remediation strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geospatial Analysis
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution severely impacts soil health, necessitating accurate prediction for effective management.
  • Traditional soil analysis methods and existing machine learning approaches have limitations in handling spatial data and assumptions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the application of Three-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (3DCNN) for spatial interpolation in evaluating soil pollution.
  • To enhance prediction accuracy by incorporating a Channel Attention Mechanism (CAM) for weighted auxiliary variable assignment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 3DCNN model integrated with CAM for spatial interpolation of soil hydrocarbon content.
  • Collected soil pollution data and validated the model using a drilling dataset.
  • Compared the 3DCNN method against traditional Kriging3D and support vector regression.

Main Results:

  • The proposed 3DCNN method achieved a high accuracy (R2 = 0.954).
  • This significantly outperformed Kriging3D (R2 = 0.318) and support vector regression (R2 = 0.582).
  • The generated spatial distribution maps accurately reflected soil pollution levels.

Conclusions:

  • 3DCNN with CAM offers a superior and sustainable approach for soil hydrocarbon pollution assessment.
  • This method provides a valuable tool for decision-makers in soil remediation and environmental management.
  • The study advances spatial interpolation techniques within environmental science.