Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 31, 2025
20:16
Detecting Anastasis In Vivo by CaspaseTracker Biosensor
Published on: February 1, 2018
9.2K
Diabetes Risk After Treatment for Childhood and Young Adult Cancer
Kirsten J Cromie1, Robert D Murray2, Ramzi A Ajjan1,2
1Clinical Population and Sciences Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, U.K.
Diabetes Care
|January 24, 2025
Summary
Childhood cancer survivors face a higher risk of developing diabetes, particularly after treatments like total body irradiation or hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Early screening for diabetes is crucial for these survivors.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Childhood and young adult cancer (CYAC) survivors are at risk for late treatment effects, including diabetes.
- Previous studies identified causative treatments but lacked population-based validation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the long-term risk of diabetes in UK CYAC survivors.
- To explore factors contributing to diabetes development in this population.
Main Methods:
- Linked cancer registration data (n=4,238) with electronic health records.
- Identified diabetes cases via clinical coding or HbA1c values.
- Used flexible parametric modeling and cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) to assess treatment effects.
Main Results:
- 163 survivors (3.8%) developed diabetes after a median 14.4-year follow-up.
- Total body irradiation (TBI) increased 40-year diabetes risk to 21.0% (vs. 8.4% without TBI).
- Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) survivors had a 40-year diabetes risk of 19.6% (vs. 8.2% without HSCT), with allogeneic HSCT posing a higher risk (25.7%).
- Corticosteroid treatment also elevated diabetes risk by 7.7% at 40 years.
Conclusions:
- CYAC survivors have an increased long-term risk of diabetes, varying by treatment modality.
- Significant risk differences emerged as early as 10 years post-diagnosis.
- Findings support developing risk-stratified screening protocols for diabetes in cancer survivors.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer
22
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
22
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.2K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.2K
01:15Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
500
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
500
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
2.4K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.4K
01:16Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
141
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
141
01:15Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy
233
The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
233