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Bioremediation00:46

Bioremediation

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Bioremediation is the use of prokaryotes, fungi, or plants to remove pollutants from the environment. This process has been used to remove harmful toxins in groundwater as a byproduct of agricultural run-off and also to clean up oil spills.
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  9. Air Pollution Modelling And Control
  11. Industrial Scale-up Of Flue Gas Bio-mitigation With Chemolithotrophs In Packed Bed Reactors: Exploring Metabolite Synthesis, Mass Transfer, And Techno-economic Analysis

Industrial scale-up of flue gas bio-mitigation with chemolithotrophs in packed bed reactors: Exploring metabolite synthesis, mass transfer, and techno-economic analysis

Rachael J Barla1, Suresh Gupta1, Smita Raghuvanshi1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India.

Chemosphere
|January 24, 2025

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View abstract on PubMed

Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study shows that using bacteria in a packed bed reactor effectively removes industrial flue gases like carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen oxide (NO), and sulfur dioxide (SO2). This bio-mitigation approach is energy-efficient and economically viable for reducing industrial environmental impact.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Biotechnology
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Industrial flue gas emissions (CO2, NO, SO2) degrade air quality, contributing to acid rain and eutrophication.
  • Wastewater discharge from industries poses further environmental challenges.
  • Developing sustainable methods for simultaneous mitigation of air and water pollutants is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the bio-mitigation of industrial flue gases (CO2, NO, SO2) and wastewater using mixed bacterial consortia in a packed bed reactor.
  • To assess the efficiency of bacterial biomass in pollutant removal and nutrient assimilation.
  • To evaluate the economic feasibility of scaling up the bio-mitigation process.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a packed bed reactor with mixed bacterial consortia for simultaneous treatment of flue gases and wastewater.
Keywords:
ChemolithotrophsIndustrial scale-upMass transferMetabolite analysis

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  • Measured biomass productivity, CO2, NO, and SO2 removal efficiencies.
  • Analyzed metabolites using FT-IR, GC-MS, and NMR to understand metabolic pathways.
  • Estimated mass transfer coefficients and performed economic analysis for reactor scale-up.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved high removal efficiencies: 86.60% for CO2, 77.03% for NO, and 82% for SO2.
    • Flue gas components were primarily assimilated into bacterial biomass.
    • Identified key metabolites (carboxylic acids, esters, fatty alcohols) and metabolic pathways (TCA cycle, glycolysis).
    • Estimated mass transfer coefficient of ~2.0 m/s and a positive NPV ($2,66,116.13) for a 20,000 L scale-up.

    Conclusions:

    • Bacterial bio-mitigation is a viable, energy-efficient strategy for reducing industrial air pollution.
    • The process effectively converts flue gas pollutants into valuable biomass.
    • The technology presents a cost-effective solution for industries to minimize environmental footprint and waste.
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