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Improving brain health via the central executive network
Marcelo Bigliassi1, Danylo F Cabral2, Amanda C Evans3
1Department of Teaching and Learning, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA.
The Journal of Physiology
|January 25, 2025
Summary
Regular exercise strengthens the central executive network (CEN), improving cognitive function and emotional well-being. This approach enhances brain health and resilience against age-related cognitive decline.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Exercise Physiology
- Cognitive Psychology
Background:
- Cognitive and physical stress impact brain health, particularly the central executive network (CEN).
- The CEN is crucial for managing complex motor tasks and cognitive demands.
- Acute stress can temporarily impair CEN connectivity, but often leads to a rebound effect.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the effects of physical and cognitive stress on the central executive network (CEN).
- To highlight the role of exercise in enhancing CEN functionality and promoting brain health.
- To explore the neurobiological mechanisms underlying stress adaptation and cognitive resilience.
Main Methods:
- Literature review synthesizing research on stress, brain health, and the CEN.
- Analysis of neurochemical, structural, and systemic adaptations to chronic stress and exercise.
- Examination of the role of myokines, adipokines, cytokines, and gut metabolites in neuroplasticity.
Main Results:
- Chronic physical and cognitive challenges lead to long-term improvements in CEN functionality.
- Exercise promotes neuroplasticity, reduces neuroinflammation, and supports key neurotransmitters.
- Long-term physical activity enhances inhibitory control and reduces risks of cognitive decline.
Conclusions:
- Progressive physical stress via exercise is a practical strategy for strengthening the CEN.
- Exercise promotes cognitive resilience and emotional well-being throughout the lifespan.
- Understanding these mechanisms offers a pathway to improved brain health and disease prevention.
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