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Published on: March 30, 2019
Research Progress on Natural Products That Regulate miRNAs in the Treatment of Osteosarcoma
Lin Wang1, Xinyu Liu1, Haoze Lv1
1School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China.
Abstract:
miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules that play critical roles in the regulation of gene expression and have been closely associated with various diseases, including cancer. These molecules significantly influence the cell cycle of tumor cells and control programmed cell death (apoptosis). Currently, research on miRNAs has become a major focus in developing cancer therapies. Osteosarcoma, a malignant neoplasm predominantly occurring during adolescence and later in life, is characterized by a high propensity for metastasis. This review explores the role of miRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer, highlighting their potential as predictive biomarkers for disease. It discusses the mechanisms by which natural products modulate miRNA activity to influence apoptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy in osteosarcoma cells, aiming to identify new strategies for osteosarcoma treatment. Recent studies on how natural products regulate miRNAs to reduce tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy are also reviewed. Furthermore, the review elaborates on how natural products regulate m6A modifications to influence miRNA expression, thereby exerting antitumor effects. In this process, interactions between m6A modifications and miRNAs have been identified, with both jointly influencing tumorigenesis and cancer progression, offering a new perspective in osteosarcoma treatment. These approaches could help uncover novel regulatory mechanisms in osteosarcoma pathways and provide a theoretical foundation for developing new drugs and identifying novel therapeutic targets.
Insights
Natural products can regulate microRNAs (miRNAs) and m6A modifications to combat osteosarcoma. This approach offers new therapeutic strategies by targeting tumor cell resistance and progression.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Oncology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs crucial for gene regulation, implicated in cancer development and progression.
- Osteosarcoma, a bone cancer common in adolescents, is known for its high metastatic potential.
- miRNAs influence key cancer processes like cell cycle control and apoptosis, making them targets for cancer therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of miRNAs in osteosarcoma initiation, progression, and as predictive biomarkers.
- To explore how natural products modulate miRNA activity, affecting apoptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy in osteosarcoma.
- To identify novel therapeutic strategies for osteosarcoma by understanding natural product-miRNA interactions and m6A modifications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on the regulatory roles of miRNAs and natural products in osteosarcoma.
- Analysis of mechanisms by which natural products influence miRNA expression and activity.
- Investigation of the interplay between m6A modifications, miRNAs, and their collective impact on tumorigenesis.
Main Results:
- Natural products can modulate miRNA activity to influence cell death pathways (apoptosis, ferroptosis, autophagy) in osteosarcoma.
- Natural products regulate miRNAs to overcome tumor cell resistance to chemotherapy.
- Interactions between m6A modifications and miRNAs jointly affect osteosarcoma development and progression.
Conclusions:
- miRNAs and their regulation by natural products, including m6A modifications, present promising avenues for osteosarcoma treatment.
- Understanding these complex interactions can reveal novel regulatory mechanisms in osteosarcoma.
- This research provides a foundation for developing new drugs and identifying therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma.
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