[Urinary lithiasis in children. Apropos of 92 cases]

The charts of 92 children with urinary calculi were reviewed. There were 69 boys (75%) and 23 girls (25%), 20 (22%) were infants. Calculi were in kidney (74 times but were often multifocal. Fourteen children (15%) presented with a lithogenic metabolic disorder, 28 (30%) had a malformation of the urinary tract, in 4 (4.3%) a permanent urinary derivation had been performed for the treatment of a malformation or a neurologic bladder. The other children presented with apparently idiopathic lithiasis. However, urinary tract infection was found in 70%. Predisposing factors, whether stasis, urinary tract infection or some urinary malformations, were often intricate. The spontaneous elimination of calculi was rare. Even when difficult, the extraction of calculi had generally moderate functional consequences. There was one secondary renal atrophy. Relapse occurred in 11 patients. Etiologic inquiry, bacteriologic monitoring of urines and ultrasonography supervision over years are the essential means to a better evaluation of the risk of relapse.