Pre-Clinical Rationale for Amcenestrant Combinations in HER2+/ER+ Breast Cancer

Amira F Mahdi1,2, Niall Ashfield1, John Crown1,3

  • 1Cancer Biotherapeutics Research Group, Life Sciences Institute, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, D09 NR58 Dublin, Ireland.

Insights

Combining amcenestrant (Amc), a selective estrogen receptor degrader, with HER2-targeted therapies shows promise for HER2+/ER+ breast cancer. This preclinical study found synergistic effects, suggesting a new therapeutic strategy for this unique breast cancer subtype.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • HER2-positive/oestrogen receptor-positive (HER2+/ER+) breast cancer is a distinct subtype.
  • Therapeutic resistance can arise from compensatory crosstalk between HER2 and ER pathways.
  • Novel combination therapies targeting both HER2 and ER are needed to improve patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the preclinical rationale for combining amcenestrant (Amc), a selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), with HER2-targeted agents.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of Amc in combination with trastuzumab, trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1), and HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).
  • To investigate the impact of these combinations on proliferation, signaling pathways, and apoptosis in HER2+/ER+ breast cancer models.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a panel of four HER2+/ER+ breast cancer cell lines, including a trastuzumab-resistant variant.
  • Assessed cell proliferation using IC50 and matrix combination assays (acid phosphatase assay).
  • Analyzed protein levels and signaling pathway activity (HER2, ER, p-HER2) via Western blot and apoptosis via caspase 3/7 assays.

Main Results:

  • Amcenestrant demonstrated additive and synergistic effects with HER2 TKIs (neratinib, lapatinib, tucatinib) across all tested cell lines.
  • The combination of Amc with trastuzumab enhanced anti-proliferative effects in specific cell lines (MDA-MB-361, BT-474-T).
  • Amc combined with T-DM1 improved anti-proliferative efficacy in the trastuzumab-resistant BT-474-T cell line, with higher ER expression correlating with greater synergy.

Conclusions:

  • The combination of amcenestrant with HER2-targeted therapies presents a promising therapeutic strategy for HER2+/ER+ breast cancer.
  • These preclinical findings support further clinical investigation to establish the safety and efficacy of Amc-based combinations.
  • Targeting both ER and HER2 pathways simultaneously may overcome resistance mechanisms and improve treatment outcomes.