Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 31, 2025
09:10
Synthesis of Masarimycin, a Small Molecule Inhibitor of Gram-Positive Bacterial Growth
Published on: January 7, 2022
2.3K
GmGIF5 Promotes Cell Expansion by Negatively Regulating Cell Wall Modification.
Hongmiao Jin1, Shiyu Gao1, Yingtao Xia1
1The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|January 25, 2025
Summary
Overexpressing the GRF-INTERACTING FACTOR (GIF) gene GmGIF5 in soybean resulted in larger plants with bigger leaves and seeds. This finding offers insights into improving soybean yield through genetic breeding.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Molecular Genetics
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Soybean is a globally significant crop, and enhancing its architecture can increase yield.
- Plant-specific transcription factors regulate growth, but GRF-INTERACTING FACTOR (GIF) gene functions in soybean are largely unknown.
- Eight GmGIF members were identified in soybean, with GmGIF5 showing high meristem expression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the function of the GmGIF5 gene in soybean development.
- To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying GmGIF5's effects on plant architecture.
Main Methods:
- Phylogenetic analysis of GmGIF proteins.
- Subcellular localization and transcriptional activity assays for GmGIF5.
- Generation and analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing GmGIF5.
- RNA sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes.
Main Results:
- GmGIF5 localizes to the nucleus and possesses self-transactivation ability.
- Overexpression of GmGIF5 in Arabidopsis led to larger leaves, taller plants, wider stems, and bigger seeds.
- Increased organ size in GmGIF5 overexpression lines was due to enhanced cell size, not cell number.
- RNA-seq data revealed enrichment of cell wall modification pathways in GmGIF5 overexpression lines.
Conclusions:
- GmGIF5 plays a significant role in regulating plant organ size in soybean.
- Understanding GmGIF family functions can aid in genetic breeding for improved soybean architecture and yield.
- GmGIF5's influence on cell size and cell wall modification provides a basis for future research and application.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:02Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition
2.3K
Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of...
2.3K
02:36Cells Coordinate Growth and Proliferation
4.5K
Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
4.5K
01:22Enlargement of the Plasma Membrane
1.9K
Cell division and enlargement are processes that require precise control. The control ensures that cell division cannot proceed unless the cell has grown to a specific size. A spherical, dividing cell requires an approximately 1.6X increase in its surface area to double its volume. The secretory pathway also has a significant role in cell membrane enlargement. Secretory vesicles that bud off from the Golgi apparatus and later fuse with the plasma membrane during exocytosis are a major source of...
1.9K
01:27Molecular Factors Affecting Cell Division
3.0K
Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
Several proteins function as internal regulators to ensure each cell cycle stage is completed faithfully before proceeding to the next. Regulator molecules may act directly or influence the activity or production of other...
3.0K
01:59The Phragmoplast
5.0K
Cell division is essential for organismal growth and development. In animal cells, the central spindle and its associated proteins form the midbody, a structure that has an essential role in cytokinesis. In plants, the central spindle, along with the microtubules, actin, and other cell components, matures into the phragmoplast, which is necessary for cytokinesis. Unlike the stationary midbody, the phragmoplast expands centrifugally, eventually leading to the formation of the new cell wall.
The...
The...
5.0K
02:38Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
6.4K
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
6.4K