Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging01:19

Imaging Studies VII: Vascular Imaging

DefinitionRenal angiography, also known as renal arteriography, is an imaging technique used to obtain a comprehensive view of blood flow and the vascular structure of blood vessels in the kidneys and surrounding areas.PurposeRenal angiography detects blood vessel abnormalities in the kidneys, such as aneurysms, stenosis, thrombosis, vascular tumors, and renal artery stenosis. It evaluates kidney function and guides interventional treatments like angioplasty or stent placement.Pre-Procedure...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of an Ophthalmic Cooling Device on Corneal Immune and Sensory Nerve Features in Chronic Ocular Surface Pain: A Prospective, Feasibility Study.

Ophthalmology and therapy·2026
Same author

Adjuvant Anti-VEGF in Vitrectomy for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: Current Evidence, Timing Considerations, and Clinical Implications.

Current ophthalmology reports·2026
Same author

Chronic Ocular Surface Pain: A Missing Member of the Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions?

Drugs·2026
Same author

Relevance of autoantibodies to carbonic anhydrase 6 (CA6), parotid secretory protein (PSP) and salivary gland protein 1 (SP1) to dry eye disease (DED).

BMJ open ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Serum Glutamate in Dry Eye Disease: Associations with Symptoms and Clinical Signs.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Neuropsychological influences on visual photosensitivity and its treatment in traumatic brain injury.

BMJ open ophthalmology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Retinal Vascular Reactivity as Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
07:23

Retinal Vascular Reactivity as Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Published on: March 26, 2020

7.1K

Localization of Microvascular Changes in Systemic Disease Without Retinopathy Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Alex Hattenhauer1, Kimberly Cabrera2, Elyana V T Locatelli2,3

  • 1Dr. Kiran C Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study found lower retinal fractal dimensions (FDs) in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN) without retinopathy. These microvascular changes were localized to specific regions of the superficial and deep vascular plexuses, aiding in risk identification.

Keywords:
deep vascular plexusdiabetes mellitusfractal dimensionhypertensionoptical coherence tomography angiographysuperficial vascular plexus

More Related Videos

Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
07:18

Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Published on: February 18, 2022

1.7K
Application of Optical Coherence Tomography to a Mouse Model of Retinopathy
08:22

Application of Optical Coherence Tomography to a Mouse Model of Retinopathy

Published on: January 12, 2022

3.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Retinal Vascular Reactivity as Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
07:23

Retinal Vascular Reactivity as Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Published on: March 26, 2020

7.1K
Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
07:18

Evaluation of Capillary and Other Vessel Contribution to Macular Perfusion Density Measured with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Published on: February 18, 2022

1.7K
Application of Optical Coherence Tomography to a Mouse Model of Retinopathy
08:22

Application of Optical Coherence Tomography to a Mouse Model of Retinopathy

Published on: January 12, 2022

3.9K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Retinal microvascular changes are associated with systemic diseases like diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HTN).
  • Early detection of these changes is crucial for preventing vision-threatening complications.
  • Fractal analysis offers a quantitative method to assess retinal vascular complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the specific locations of retinal fractal dimension (FD) abnormalities in individuals with DM and/or HTN but without retinopathy.
  • To identify distinct patterns of microvascular changes in these patient groups using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Main Methods:

  • OCTA imaging of 6 mm × 6 mm macular regions centered on the fovea.
  • Partitioning of annular zones into thin annuli for fractal analysis.
  • Measurement and comparison of fractal dimensions (FDs) between patient groups and controls.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with DM showed significantly lower FDs in the deep vascular plexus (DVP) at 1.77–2.14 mm from the foveal center.
  • Patients with both DM and HTN exhibited significantly lower FDs across the superficial vascular plexus (SVP) annulus and specific partitions of both SVP and DVP.
  • The most pronounced differences in FDs for the combined DM and HTN group were observed in the SVP at 1.77–2.50 mm from the foveal center.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully localized microvascular alterations in DM and HTN patients without retinopathy using fractal analysis of OCTA images.
  • Findings suggest that FD analysis can identify early-stage vascular changes in specific retinal regions.
  • These results support the development of screening protocols for individuals at risk of developing diabetic or hypertensive retinopathy.