Design of Microstrip Antenna Integrating 24 GHz and 77 GHz Compact High-Gain Arrays

Area of Science:

• Electrical Engineering
• Electromagnetics
• Antenna Theory

Background:

• Rapid advancements in communication technology and radar systems necessitate improved antenna performance.
• Existing antenna designs often face challenges with size, feeding complexity, and performance trade-offs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose an integrated array antenna operating simultaneously in the 24 GHz and 77 GHz frequency bands.
• To reduce the antenna's physical volume while enhancing its electrical characteristics.

Main Methods:

• A microstrip antenna array element utilizing a width reduction technique was designed.
• A 3x3 planar array was constructed using a corner series feeding approach.
• Simulations and measurements were conducted to validate performance.

Main Results:

• The antenna design achieved a volume reduction of 39.82%.
• The array demonstrated gains of 14.19 dBi at 77 GHz and 15.34 dBi at 24 GHz.
• Excellent performance was observed with sidelobe levels below -9.14 dB and cross-polarization levels below -29.26 dB.

Conclusions:

• The proposed integrated array antenna offers a compact solution with high gain and good radiation characteristics.
• The design effectively minimizes feeding losses and complexity, enhancing overall efficiency.
• The validated performance indicates significant potential for applications in modern radar and communication systems.