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Updated: May 30, 2025
Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Published on: October 15, 2019
The Interplay Between Gut Microbiota, Adipose Tissue, and Migraine: A Narrative Review
Valentina Biagioli1, Federica Mela2, Paola Ferraro2
1Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy.
Background:
Migraine, a prevalent neurovascular disorder, affects millions globally and is associated with significant morbidity. Emerging evidence suggests a crucial role of the gut microbiota and adipose tissue in the modulation of migraine pathophysiology, particularly through mechanisms involving neuroinflammation and metabolic regulation.
Material And Methods:
A narrative review of the literature from 2000 to 2024 was conducted using the PubMed database. Studies addressing the relationships between microbiota, adipose tissue, and migraine-including dietary interventions and their impact-were analyzed.
Results:
The findings highlight a bidirectional gut-brain axis, with gut microbiota influencing neuroinflammation via metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Obesity exacerbates migraine severity through chronic inflammation and the dysregulation of adipocytokines like leptin and adiponectin. Dietary patterns, such as low glycemic index diets and Mediterranean diets, and the use of prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics show potential in migraine management.
Conclusions:
This review underscores the need for integrative approaches targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis and adipose tissue in migraine therapy. Future studies should explore longitudinal effects and personalized interventions to optimize outcomes.
Insights
Migraine may be influenced by gut bacteria and body fat. Targeting the gut-brain axis and adipose tissue with diet and supplements shows promise for managing migraine.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Microbiology
- Metabolic Science
Background:
- Migraine is a common neurovascular disorder with substantial global impact.
- Gut microbiota and adipose tissue are increasingly recognized as key modulators of migraine pathophysiology.
- Mechanisms involve neuroinflammation and metabolic dysregulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current literature on the interplay between gut microbiota, adipose tissue, and migraine.
- To explore the role of dietary interventions in modulating these relationships.
- To synthesize findings on the gut-brain axis in migraine.
Main Methods:
- A narrative review of studies published between 2000 and 2024.
- Literature search conducted using the PubMed database.
- Analysis of studies examining microbiota, adipose tissue, and migraine, including dietary impacts.
Main Results:
- A bidirectional gut-brain axis exists, with gut microbiota influencing neuroinflammation via metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
- Obesity worsens migraine through chronic inflammation and dysregulated adipocytokines (leptin, adiponectin).
- Dietary patterns (low glycemic index, Mediterranean) and microbial interventions (prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics) show therapeutic potential.
Conclusions:
- Integrative therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis and adipose tissue are crucial for migraine management.
- Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and personalized interventions for optimized migraine treatment outcomes.
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