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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 17, 2026

Murine Kidney Transplant Technique
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Modeling BK Virus Infection in Renal Transplant Recipients.

Nicholas Myers1, Dana Droz1, Bruce W Rogers2,3

  • 1Center for Research in Scientific Computation, Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.

Viruses
|January 25, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Kidney transplant patients are at risk from BK virus (BKPyV) due to immunosuppression. This study models viral and immune dynamics to optimize treatment, balancing graft protection and viral clearance.

Keywords:
BKPyVimmunosuppressionkidneymodel calibrationmodelingrenalsensitivitytransplant

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Mathematical Biology

Background:

  • Kidney transplant recipients require lifelong immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection.
  • Immunosuppression increases susceptibility to opportunistic infections, notably BK polyomavirus (BKPyV).
  • BKPyV infection targets kidney tubule epithelial cells, posing a significant threat to graft survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a mathematical model for viral and immune dynamics in BKPyV-infected kidney transplant recipients.
  • To simplify an existing model by reducing parameters for improved applicability.
  • To explore the application of optimal control methods for managing BKPyV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Simplified a previously published mathematical model, reducing parameters from 20 to 14.
  • Calibrated the simplified model using newly available patient data.
  • Performed a detailed sensitivity analysis to validate model parameters.

Main Results:

  • The refined model accurately reflects observed viral and immune dynamics in multiple BKPyV-infected patients.
  • The simplified model demonstrates good predictive capability for patient outcomes.
  • Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the model parameters.

Conclusions:

  • The simplified mathematical model provides a valuable tool for understanding BKPyV dynamics in kidney transplant recipients.
  • This model can inform the development of optimal control strategies for managing immunosuppression and viral load.
  • Further research can apply optimal control theory to personalize treatment and improve graft survival rates.