Effectiveness of Tralokinumab in Different Phenotypes of Atopic Dermatitis: A Real-World Study

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritus and a relapsing course, affecting approximately 25% of children and 4-7% of adults. This study evaluated the efficacy, safety, and quality-of-life impact of tralokinumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-13 (IL-13), in treating moderate-to-severe AD in a real-world setting, with a focus on different AD phenotypes.

An observational cohort of 30 adults treated with tralokinumab for ≥ 16 weeks was analyzed. Clinical and demographic data were collected, and outcomes were assessed using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), and numeric rating scales (NRS) for pruritus and sleep disturbances.

By week 16, 60% achieved a 75% improvement in EASI (EASI75) and 31% reached a 90% improvement in EASI (EASI90), reflecting substantial clinical improvements. A ≥ 4-point reduction in pruritus NRS was observed in 63% of patients by week 16, increasing to 70% by week 32. Similarly, 75% achieved significant improvements in sleep disturbance NRS by week 16, with sustained effects through week 32. Subgroup analysis revealed superior clinical responses in patients with early-onset AD and atopic comorbidities. Lower total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels at week 16 correlated with better outcomes, suggesting total IgE as a potential biomarker. By week 32, 70% of patients had a DLQI ≤ 5, indicating minimal quality-of-life impact. Additionally, 88% reached at least one therapeutic target, and 81% met composite endpoints combining clinician-assessed and patient-reported outcomes. The safety profile was consistent with clinical trials, with mild conjunctivitis and injection site reactions as the most common adverse events.

These findings support tralokinumab as an effective and well-tolerated treatment, emphasizing the importance of phenotype-specific approaches in AD management.