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Bladder rupture in late-pregnancy mares: Four cases.

R Salcedo-Jiménez1, D G Kenney2, M S Dubois3

  • 1Departamento de Medicina, Cirugía y Zootecnia para Équidos, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science
|January 25, 2025
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Summary

Bladder rupture in late-term pregnant horses can present subtly, often mimicking colic. Early suspicion in mares overdue for foaling with signs like pollakiuria is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords:
Bladder ruptureBroodmareCreatinineCystorrhexisUroperitoneum

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Equine Reproduction
  • Surgical Pathology

Background:

  • Late pregnancy in broodmares presents unique diagnostic challenges.
  • Bladder rupture is a rare but critical condition in equine reproduction.

Observation:

  • Four cases of bladder rupture in late-term pregnant mares were analyzed.
  • Initial presentations included abdominal discomfort and dystocia.
  • Clinical signs such as pollakiuria and hematuria were observed.

Findings:

  • Diagnosis required a comprehensive approach including clinical, clinicopathological, ultrasonographic, and cystoscopic evaluations.
  • Elevated peritoneal fluid creatinine (mean ratio 4.1) aided diagnosis.
  • Absence of initial free peritoneal fluid in 75% of cases potentially delayed diagnosis by 2-3 days.

Implications:

  • Suspicion of bladder rupture is warranted in overdue broodmares exhibiting colic and pollakiuria.
  • Prompt diagnosis is essential for successful management of uroperitoneum in mares.
  • This case series highlights the importance of advanced diagnostic imaging and cystoscopy.