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Decoding the SARS-CoV-2 infection process: Insights into origin, spread, and therapeutic approaches

Saheem Ahmad1, Ahmed Alafnan2, Ahmed Alobaida2

  • 1Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, 2440, Saudi Arabia.

Microbial Pathogenesis
|January 25, 2025
PubMed

Insights

This review examines the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection mechanisms and COVID-19 origins. It explores a potential link between SARS-CoV-2 and aldose reductase, offering insights into pathogenesis and therapeutics.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes COVID-19, a global pandemic with significant mortality and economic impact.
  • Understanding SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanisms, viral structure, and origins is crucial for public health.
  • The precise origin and zoonotic transmission route of SARS-CoV-2 remain under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanistic framework of SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.
  • To discuss the origins and implications of COVID-19, citing scientific literature.
  • To investigate the potential association between SARS-CoV-2 origins and aldose reductase.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.
  • Analysis of viral structure, infectivity, and host cell interactions.
  • Exploration of evolutionary pathways of coronaviruses.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 possesses a large RNA genome and an envelope derived from host cells, with viral glycoproteins essential for infectivity.
  • The review synthesizes current knowledge on COVID-19's multifaceted aspects, including its global impact.
  • A specific focus is placed on the controversial yet significant hypothesis linking SARS-CoV-2 origins to aldose reductase.

Conclusions:

  • Elucidating the mechanistic framework of SARS-CoV-2 infection is vital for understanding COVID-19 pathogenesis.
  • Investigating the potential role of aldose reductase in SARS-CoV-2's origin may reveal new therapeutic targets.
  • Tracing coronavirus evolution is key to understanding the emergence of SARS-CoV-2.
Keywords:
ACE-2COVID 19GenomicSARS-CoV-2

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