Post-procedural plasma D-dimer level may predict futile recanalization in stroke patients with endovascular treatment

High d-dimer levels may increase the likelihood of unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, the impacts of serum d-dimer levels on outcomes of reperfusion treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke have not been evaluated. This study aims to assess a possible relationship between serum d-dimer and functional outcomes in stroke patients with endovascular treatment (EVT).

Patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent successful EVT were enrolled. Plasma d-dimer was measured before and within 6 h after endovascular procedures. Futile recanalization was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 3-6 at 90 days of stroke onset. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the relationships between d-dimer and futile recanalization.

Of the 161 enrolled patients, 78 (48.4 %) were classified as futile recanalization. After adjusting for potential confounders, high post-procedural d-dimer level was associated with futile recanalization (odds ratio, 1.25; 95 % CI, 1.05-1.51; P = 0.016). In patients with futile recanalization, change in serum d-dimer levels increased significantly after EVT (P < 0.001). Furthermore, change in d-dimer level after EVT was associated with futile recanalization (odds ratio, 1.33; 95 % CI, 1.11-1.65; P = 0.005) independently.

High post-procedural plasma d-dimer levels and a significant increase in d-dimer after EVT may predict futile recanalization in patients with acute ischemic stroke.