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Protective effect of Panax ginseng extract on cisplatin-induced AKI via downregulating cell death associated genes

Reza Alipanah-Moghadam1, Vahideh Aghamohammadi2, Sina Seifi1

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.

Scientific Reports
|January 25, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Panax ginseng root extract protects against cisplatin-induced kidney injury in rats. This study shows reduced kidney damage and lower expression of key injury markers with ginseng treatment, offering a potential therapeutic approach.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Nephrology
  • Natural Products

Background:

  • Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy agent with significant nephrotoxicity.
  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by cisplatin poses a clinical challenge.
  • Exploring natural compounds for protective effects against drug-induced organ damage is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the protective effects of Panax ginseng root extract against cisplatin-induced kidney injury in a rat model.
  • To investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of ginseng's nephroprotective action.

Main Methods:

  • Wistar rats were divided into control, cisplatin, and two ginseng extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) treatment groups.
  • Cisplatin was administered to induce AKI, followed by treatment with ginseng extract.
  • Renal function (creatinine levels), histopathology, and expression of key molecular markers (p21, p27, p53, TIMP2, IGFBP7, NF-κB) were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Ginseng extract significantly reduced serum creatinine levels compared to the cisplatin group.
  • Histopathological examination revealed reduced renal tissue damage in rats treated with ginseng extract.
  • Expression of p21, p27, p53, TIMP2, IGFBP7, and NF-κB was significantly downregulated in ginseng-treated groups, indicating reduced cell death and inflammation.
  • A dose-dependent effect was observed, with the 200 mg/kg extract showing greater protection.

Conclusions:

  • Panax ginseng root extract demonstrates significant nephroprotective effects against cisplatin-induced AKI in rats.
  • The protective mechanism involves the downregulation of NF-κB signaling pathway and cell death-inducing genes.
  • Ginseng extract represents a promising therapeutic candidate for mitigating cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryCell death genesCisplatinGinseng

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