Mastering rectal cancer MRI: From foundational concepts to optimal staging

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Oncology
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is essential for accurate rectal cancer staging and patient management.
• Radiologists require expertise in MRI protocols, findings, and treatment strategies for rectal adenocarcinoma.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review MRI principles and protocols for accurate staging of rectal adenocarcinoma.
• To highlight key anatomical landmarks and factors for baseline assessment and surveillance.

Main Methods:

• Review of common treatment options for rectal adenocarcinoma.
• Emphasis on MRI findings influencing management decisions.
• Discussion of MRI protocols and structured reporting for staging and restaging.

Main Results:

• Key MRI findings crucial for management decisions were identified.
• Optimal MRI protocols and reporting structures for staging were detailed.
• Anatomical landmarks and essential assessment factors were highlighted.

Conclusions:

• Familiarity with MRI protocols and findings is critical for radiologists in managing rectal adenocarcinoma.
• Understanding treatment strategies enhances the radiologist's role in guiding patient care.
• This review provides a comprehensive guide for MRI-based staging, restaging, and surveillance.