In-Situ Construction of LiCl-Rich Artificial Solid Electrolyte Interphase for High-Performance Lithium Metal Anode

In the pursuit of high-energy-density lithium metal batteries (LMBs), the development of stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is critical to address issues such as lithium dendrite growth and low Coulombic efficiency. Herein, we propose a facile strategy for the in-situ fabrication of a LiCl-rich artificial SEI layer on Li surfaces through reaction of MoCl₅ with Li (Li@MoCl₅). The resulting artificial SEI significantly enhances the uniformity of Li deposition, effectively suppresses dendrite formation, and improves electrochemical performance. As a result, Li@MoCl₅ symmetric cells demonstrate remarkable stability, achieving continuous cycling of 4200 h under a high current density of 10 mA cm^-2 with an areal capacity of 1 mAh cm^-2. Full-cells employing Li@MoCl₅ exhibit superior cycling stability and rate capability, even at high cathode loading (17 mg cm^-2). These results highlight the potential of this interface engineering strategy for advanced practical application of LMBs.