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Evaluating Older Adults' Engagement and Usability With AI-Driven Interventions: Randomized Pilot Study.

Marcia Shade¹, Changmin Yan², Valerie K Jones²

¹College of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985330 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, United States, 1 4025596641.

JMIR Formative Research

|January 27, 2025

Summary

Older adults found AI assistant routines feasible for health interventions. Personality traits like extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness influenced engagement and usability, suggesting personalized approaches for better outcomes.

Keywords:

AI AI assistant Alexa aging artificial intelligence chronic digital health digital intervention engagement interventions mobile phone musculoskeletal pain older adults personality pilot trial self-management technology usability user experience voice assistant

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Human-Computer Interaction
Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Background:

AI-powered assistant technologies are increasingly used for daily tasks and entertainment.
AI holds potential for delivering health interventions to older adults for symptom management and self-care.
Understanding older adults' engagement and usability of AI is crucial for effective intervention delivery.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe older adults' engagement with routines facilitated by a conversational AI assistant.
To explore the impact of personality traits on AI technology engagement and usability in older adults.

Main Methods:

A 12-week randomized pilot trial involving 50 older adults (≥60 years) with chronic musculoskeletal pain living alone.
Participants were assigned to standard or enhanced intervention groups using Amazon Alexa for twice-daily prescribed routines.
Data collected included routine engagement, perceived AI usability, and personality trait analysis.

Main Results:

Morning routines were initiated more frequently (74%) than evening routines (62%).
Older adults in the enhanced group reported good usability (mean 74.50), while the standard group reported acceptable usability (mean 66.29).
Higher extraversion predicted higher routine initiation; higher agreeableness and conscientiousness predicted better usability.

Conclusions:

AI assistant-delivered routines are feasible interventions for older adults.
Personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness) significantly influence older adults' engagement and usability of AI interventions.
Considering personality factors is vital for optimizing AI-driven health interventions in older populations.