Ultrahigh-Power Carbon-Based Supercapacitors through Order-Disorder Balance

Although carbon-based supercapacitors (SCs) hold the advantages of high-power and large-current characteristics, they are difficult to realize ultrahigh-power density (> 200 kW kg^-1) and maintain almost constant energy density at ultrahigh power. This limitation is mainly due to the difficulty in balancing the structural order related to the electrical conductivity of carbon materials and the structural disorder related to the pore structure. Herein, we design a novel super-structured tubular carbon (SSTC) with a crosslinked porous conductive network to solve the structure order-disorder tradeoff effect in carbon materials. The direct conversion of CO₂ in combination with appropriate annealing treatment tailored SSTC that exhibits considerably high conductivity (≈19300 S m^-1) along with an optimal mesoporous structure. Consequently, SSTC-based SCs show impressive ultrahigh-power and high-energy features as demonstrated from three aspects. First, SSTC-1000-based SCs with organic electrolytes deliver a maximum power density of 1138.8 kW kg^-1. Second, the energy density retention is up to 84.6% as the power density increases from 0.7 to 280 kW kg^-1. Third, SSTC-1000-based SC exhibits excellent ultrahigh-power durability as demonstrated by 93.7% capacitance retention after 100000 cycles at 200 A g^-1.