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Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

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Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
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Canine cystic astrocytomas: 7 cases.

Vicente A Avila Reyes1, Andrew D Miller2, Alexander de Lahunta3

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|January 27, 2025
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Canine cystic astrocytomas, characterized by tumor macrocysts, are rare brain tumors in dogs. This study details 7 cases, highlighting their occurrence, clinical signs, and histological features, primarily in the cerebellum.

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canine gliomacystic astrocytomadogsneuropathology

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Comparative Pathology
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Tumoral macrocysts are common in human pilocytic astrocytomas.
  • Macrocysts are rarely reported in canine astrocytomas, making their study significant.
  • Astrocytomas are primary brain tumors originating from astrocytes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the characteristics of canine astrocytomas with macrocysts.
  • To investigate the occurrence, clinical presentation, and histopathological findings of these rare tumors in dogs.
  • To contribute to the understanding of canine brain tumors and their comparison to human counterparts.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series analysis of 7 canine astrocytomas with macrocysts.
  • Review of clinical records, gross pathology, and histopathology findings.
  • Immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was performed.

Main Results:

  • Seven canine astrocytomas with macrocysts were identified, with a median age of 9.6 years.
  • Clinical signs included head tilt, falling, and ataxia; tumors were located in the cerebellum or telencephalon.
  • Histology revealed predominantly low-grade astrocytomas with gemistocytic differentiation; macrocysts were lined by neoplastic astrocytes.

Conclusions:

  • Canine cystic astrocytomas with macrocysts are rare but distinct entities.
  • These tumors share some similarities with human pilocytic astrocytomas but have unique features in dogs.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the pathogenesis and treatment of these rare canine brain tumors.