Success Rates of Dental Implants in Patients With Diabetes: A Systematic Review

This systematic review evaluates the success rates of dental implants in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, focusing on outcomes such as implant survival, marginal bone loss, and peri-implant biomarkers. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, to identify relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Four studies were included, encompassing diverse populations and interventions. Findings indicate that diabetes, when well-managed (HbA1c < 8%), does not significantly compromise implant survival rates, with survival percentages ranging from 96.1% to 97.3% at one year and 87.3% to 96.1% at five years, comparable to non-diabetic populations. However, peri-implant health metrics, such as marginal bone loss (mean difference: -0.08 mm; 95% CI: -0.25 to 0.08) and probing depth, were adversely affected in poorly controlled diabetes (HbA1c > 8%), highlighting the critical role of glycemic control. Advanced statistical approaches, including dose-response relationships, revealed a progressive worsening of peri-implant outcomes as HbA1c levels increased. The review underscores the importance of interdisciplinary care and strict adherence to clinical protocols to optimize outcomes for diabetic patients receiving dental implants. Despite robust findings, limitations include heterogeneity among included studies and the need for long-term data to validate the observed trends. Future research should focus on standardized reporting and exploring the impact of advanced glycemic thresholds on implant success.