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Interplay between energy metabolism and NADPH oxidase-mediated pathophysiology in cardiovascular diseases

Haipeng Jie1, Jingjing Zhang1, Shuzhen Wu1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|January 27, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired energy metabolism contribute to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), particularly with metabolic disorders. Targeting NADPH oxidases (NOX) may offer new therapeutic strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant imbalance are linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), exacerbated by metabolic conditions like diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.
  • NADPH oxidases (NOX) are key sources of ROS, influencing redox signaling in physiological and pathological cardiovascular processes such as fibrosis and hypertrophy.
  • Mitochondria increase protein and energy production under stress, correlating with elevated superoxide radicals, highlighting a role in pathological states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interplay between oxidative stress and energy metabolism in CVD, especially in the context of metabolic disorders.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the increased incidence of CVD in individuals with metabolic disorders.
  • To explore the relationship between NOX, energy metabolism, and ferroptosis in CVD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review integrating recent data on oxidative stress, energy metabolism, and NOX in CVD.
  • Analysis of NOX-mediated modulatory mechanisms in maintaining energy homeostasis during pathological conditions.
  • Preliminary discussion on the correlation between NOX, energy metabolism, and ferroptosis.

Main Results:

  • Sustained ROS production and imbalanced antioxidant systems are implicated in CVD development, particularly with metabolic disorders.
  • NOX enzymes are significant contributors to ROS, mediating redox signaling in cardiovascular pathophysiology.
  • NOX4 plays a crucial role in modulating energy metabolism homeostasis under pathological stress.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the interaction between oxidative stress and energy metabolism is vital for explaining CVD incidence in metabolic disorders.
  • Further research into NOX and energy metabolism crosstalk, including ferroptosis, could lead to novel therapeutic targets.
  • Targeting NOX pathways offers potential for developing effective management strategies for CVD.
Keywords:
NADPH oxidasescardiovascular diseasesenergy metabolismferroptosisoxidative stress

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