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Prediction of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients based on ultrasonograhic-clinicopathologic

Tuba Laiq1, Zubia Masood2, Hiba Siddiqui3

  • 1Tuba Laiq, MBBS Post graduate trainee, Department of Oncology, Dr. Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|January 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Ultrasound (US) shows high sensitivity for detecting breast cancer metastasis in axillary lymph nodes. However, its specificity is limited, meaning it can sometimes incorrectly identify nodes as cancerous.

Keywords:
Axillary nodesBreast cancerMetastasisSensitivitySpecificityUltrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Accurate staging of breast cancer is crucial for treatment decisions.
  • Axillary lymph node status significantly impacts treatment planning.
  • Current biopsy methods carry risks of complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the correlation between sonographic features of axillary lymph nodes and histopathological findings.
  • To assess the predictive value of ultrasound in identifying axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study of 176 breast cancer patients.
  • Analysis of ultrasound features and histopathology reports.
  • Calculation of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of ultrasound for detecting nodal metastasis.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound demonstrated 84.2% sensitivity, 48.1% specificity, and 67.6% accuracy in identifying nodal metastases.
  • Cortical thickness > 3 mm and absence of a fatty hilum were significantly correlated with axillary lymph node metastasis (P < .05).

Conclusions:

  • Ultrasound is a highly sensitive tool for detecting metastatic lymph nodes in breast cancer.
  • The specificity of ultrasound in this context is limited, necessitating further investigation or complementary diagnostic methods.