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Keystone engineering enables collective range expansion in microbial communities.

Emrah Şimşek, César A Villalobos, Kinshuk Sahu

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Keystone engineers shape microbial communities. In antibiotic environments, Klebsiella pneumoniae enables Pseudomonas aeruginosa spread by degrading the drug, revealing spatial effects crucial for understanding infections.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbial Ecology
    • Bacterial Pathogenesis
    • Mathematical Biology

    Background:

    • Keystone engineers significantly impact microbial communities by altering shared environments and resources.
    • Understanding microbial interactions is crucial for managing infections and environmental processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of keystone engineering in bacterial spread within antibiotic-treated environments.
    • To elucidate the mechanisms by which non-motile and motile bacteria interact during spatial expansion.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing pairwise and multi-member bacterial cultures with antibiotic treatment.
    • Employing spatial expansion experiments and mathematical modeling.
    • Analyzing the interactions between Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

    Main Results:

    • Klebsiella pneumoniae degrades beta-lactam antibiotics, creating a "clear zone" that facilitates Pseudomonas aeruginosa expansion.
    • This keystone engineering effect is dependent on spatial proximity and operates at a millimeter scale.
    • Pseudomonas aeruginosa suppresses Klebsiella pneumoniae through resource competition as it spreads.

    Conclusions:

    • Spatially explicit experiments are essential for uncovering keystone engineering mechanisms hidden in well-mixed systems.
    • Keystone engineering plays a critical role in polymicrobial infections and biofilm formation.
    • Findings have implications for diagnosing and treating infections involving antibiotic-degrading and antibiotic-tolerant bacteria.