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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

301
The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
301

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The Slice Culture Method for Following Development of Tooth Germs In Explant Culture
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Developmentally cascading structures do not lose evolutionary potential, but compound developmental instability in

Natasha S Vitek1, Ella Saks1, Amy Dong1

  • 1Department of Ecology & Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|January 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Later-developing mammalian molars show increased evolvability, aligning microevolutionary potential with macroevolutionary patterns. This challenges previous ideas about evolutionary potential and phenotypic plasticity in segmented structures.

Keywords:
Mammaliaevolvabilitygrowthmolarnutritionphenotypic plasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Paleontology

Background:

  • Increasing variability is observed in later segments of serially segmented structures like mammalian molars.
  • Conflicting interpretations exist regarding macroevolutionary and microevolutionary patterns of this variability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To resolve conflicting interpretations of evolutionary potential in serially segmented structures.
  • To investigate the relationship between evolvability, phenotypic plasticity, and developmental pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Recalculated evolutionary potential (evolvability) using published mammalian molar data.
  • Measured phenotypic plasticity through a controlled feeding experiment.
  • Analyzed trait means and variances across successive segments.

Main Results:

  • Effects on molar lengths and widths were discordant, suggesting a role for growth pathways in plastic responses.
  • Successive trait means did not consistently increase downstream, contrary to prior hypotheses.
  • Non-inherited variance increased downstream, decoupling from trait mean effects.
  • Later-developing molars were found to be equally or more evolvable than earlier ones.

Conclusions:

  • A cascading model of tooth development and localized developmental instability explains observed patterns.
  • Evolvability, rather than heritability, aligns microevolutionary potential with macroevolutionary trends.
  • Findings challenge traditional views on evolutionary potential and plasticity in segmented structures.