Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System01:15

Functional Brain Systems: Limbic System

2.2K
The limbic system, often called the "emotional brain," is a complex set of structures located deep within the brain. The intricate network of the limbic system supports a wide range of psychological functions, from emotional regulation to memory formation and sensory processing. This functional brain region encompasses specific parts of the diencephalon and the cerebrum, integrating the higher mental functions of the cerebral cortex with the primitive emotional responses of the deep...
2.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Factors associated with treatment-emergent headache occurrence following RTMS to non-motor areas and the impact on treatment outcomes: a retrospective study.

Frontiers in psychiatry·2026
Same author

A cell type-specific mechanism driving the rapid antidepressant effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Cell·2026
Same author

The prefrontal cortex controls memory organization in the hippocampus.

Nature neuroscience·2026
Same author

The relationship between individual alpha-band activity and cognitive outcomes from repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) treatment for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).

Journal of affective disorders·2026
Same author

Efficacy of 5 × 5 accelerated versus conventional repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treatment-resistant depression.

Journal of affective disorders·2026
Same author

Differential neural responses to rhythmic and patterned TMS protocols: Insights from EEG spectral analysis.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·2026
Same journal

A human-specific genetic modifier reconfigures large-scale cortical network dynamics underlying behavioral performance.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> uses a eukaryotic-like uridyltransferase to make UDP-GlcNAc for cell wall synthesis.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Dynamic redistribution of eIF4F controls cap-dependent translation initiation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

When does additional information improve accuracy of RNA secondary structure prediction?

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Normative brain-state trajectories reveal deviation from healthy aging in Alzheimer's disease.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Noradrenergic infraslow rhythm during sleep is the critical link between heart-rate dynamics and memory consolidation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2025

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
09:12

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates

Published on: January 30, 2014

15.8K

Microglia regulate nucleus accumbens synaptic development and circuit function underlying threat avoidance behaviors.

Michael W Gongwer1,2,3, Fanny Etienne1, Eric N Moca1

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|January 27, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microglia are crucial for synapse development in the brain's nucleus accumbens. Their absence impairs excitatory synapse formation, impacting emotional regulation and behavior.

More Related Videos

Rapid and Refined CD11b Magnetic Isolation of Primary Microglia with Enhanced Purity and Versatility
07:54

Rapid and Refined CD11b Magnetic Isolation of Primary Microglia with Enhanced Purity and Versatility

Published on: April 13, 2017

9.7K
Culturing Microglia from the Neonatal and Adult Central Nervous System
11:28

Culturing Microglia from the Neonatal and Adult Central Nervous System

Published on: August 9, 2013

27.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 30, 2025

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates
09:12

Isolation of Cortical Microglia with Preserved Immunophenotype and Functionality From Murine Neonates

Published on: January 30, 2014

15.8K
Rapid and Refined CD11b Magnetic Isolation of Primary Microglia with Enhanced Purity and Versatility
07:54

Rapid and Refined CD11b Magnetic Isolation of Primary Microglia with Enhanced Purity and Versatility

Published on: April 13, 2017

9.7K
Culturing Microglia from the Neonatal and Adult Central Nervous System
11:28

Culturing Microglia from the Neonatal and Adult Central Nervous System

Published on: August 9, 2013

27.9K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Central nervous system (CNS) microglia are known for synapse pruning during development.
  • Microglia's role in synapse formation is less understood, particularly in regions beyond the cortex.
  • The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is vital for emotional regulation and motivated behaviors, with early-life dysfunction linked to psychiatric disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of microglial absence on synaptic development in the NAc.
  • To understand the role of microglia in the early development of NAc circuits.
  • To explore the long-term behavioral consequences of altered NAc synaptic development due to microglial absence.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a genetically modified mouse model lacking microglia (Csf1rΔFIRE/ΔFIRE).
  • Examined excitatory synapse formation and electrophysiological properties in the NAc during postnatal development.
  • Performed tissue-level proteomics of the NAc to identify affected proteins.
  • Assessed threat avoidance behavior in adult mice.

Main Results:

  • Absence of microglia led to blunted excitatory synapse formation in the NAc, most pronounced in the second and third postnatal weeks.
  • Observed increased presynaptic release probability and altered postsynaptic kinetics in the absence of microglia.
  • Proteomics revealed impacts on proteins involved in synapse structure, trans-synaptic signaling, and presynaptic function.
  • Microglial absence did not affect astrocyte-derived synaptogenic cues, suggesting a microglial-derived cue is involved.
  • While electrophysiological changes normalized by adulthood, lasting behavioral deficits in threat avoidance were observed, linked to altered NAc neuronal activity.

Conclusions:

  • Microglia play a critical role in regulating the synaptic landscape of the developing NAc.
  • Microglia are essential for establishing functional circuits that underlie adult behavioral repertoires.
  • The absence of microglia during development has lasting consequences on behavior, mediated by altered NAc neuronal activity.